In memory of Yossi who had a BMT at age 9yrs for leukaemia. This is his picture depicting the transplant.
Picture reproduced by kind permission.
Overview
There are many different types of blood cell, but they all develop from stem cells. Most of these stem cells are found in the bone marrow (the soft inside part of the bone), although some are found in the blood (peripheral blood stem cells).
Chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy damages normal cells as well as cancer cells. At high doses the bone marrow may be damaged or destroyed, and the patient may not be able to produce the necessary blood cells. In a Bone marrow transplant (BMT), marrow
containing healthy stem cells is infused to replace those damaged by the high dose therapy, so that the patient can produce blood cells again.
Alternatively a peripheral blood stem cell transplant (PBSCT) may be given. While blood is not as rich in stem cells as bone marrow advances in transplantation mean that PBSCT ("stem cell rescue") is increasingly being used in the treatment of certain
cancers.
- There are 3 types of transplant:
- (1) Allogenic transplants are where marrow is donated by another person;
- (2) Autologous transplants involve cells being taken from the patient, stored, and then reinfused following high-dose therapy; and
- (3) Syngenic transplants are where the donor is an identical twin.
BMT may be given for certain types of cancer, and only under specific circumstances. BMT has been widely used to treat specific cancers in children such as leukaemia, lymphoma, and neuroblastoma. It is still being evaluated for the treatment of some
other types of cancer. There are various potential side effects associated with transplantation, these will largely depend on how well matched the donor's cells are to the patient's cells.
Please note: some of the links below contain general information about BMT which were judged to be relevant, though not specifically related to transplantation in children.
|
-
- Childhood Specific Information and Experiences
- General Information and Guides about BMT
- Registries and Transplantation Programs
- BMT Newsletters / Discussion Lists
- Cord Blood
- Information for Health Professionals
- Chicago Community Cord Blood Bank (USA) The CCCBB is dedicated to facilitating bone marrow transplants for children with a variety of genetic and malignant diseases.The site includes information for potential donors, and health professionals, and details of this non-profit service.
- I'm Having a Bone Marrow Transplant (Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, USA) a coloring book designed to help children up to 15 years of age express themselves throughout the stressful process of having a bone marrow transplant.
- Icla da Silva Foundation non profit organization providing assistance to families with children suffering from leukemia, also a bone marrow donor recruitment group for the National Marrow Donor Program.
- In Memory of Yossi Chaim In memory of Yossi, who was diagnosed with leukaemia (ALL) in 1997. This site has been set up by his parents and includes detailed updates of Yossi's experience of chemotherapy and bone marrow transplant.
- Josh Eaton's Home Page A 7 year old who has had a bone marrow transplant for Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Sadly Josh passed away but the web pages remainon-line to provide information about BMT for others.
- Lowder Stem Cell Transplant Unit A specialist unit located at The Children's Hopspital in Birmingham, Alabama. The Web site includes details of the Unit, clinical team and has information about the different types of stem cell transplant.
- University of Minnesota - Pediatrics: Division of BMT
Back to the Menu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation (CancerNet) This is a detailed booklet providing information about a wide range of transplant related issues. This includes sections on the function of marrow, types of transplants, procedures, side effects, and a list of other resources.
- Autologous Peripheral Stem Cell Transplantation following High Dose Chemotherapy (N.E. Ontario Regional Cancer Center, Canada) FAQ, research history, and progress with PBSC, including a phase III clinical trial run at the center..
- Bone Marrow Foundation - Lifeline Online (USA) a national organisation involved in BMT issues; the web site includes details about the foundation, BMT information, current issues, profiles of supporters, fund raising events etc.
- Bone Marrow Transplant Resources (Leukemia Links)
- Bone Marrow Transplant Support Group (Ireland) Funded in 1994 to provide support for Bone Marrow Transplant patients and their families. The web site includes information, links and the groups Newsletter.
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Treatment An online booklet by Stephen Mahlstedt. Lots of graphics
- ECRI Patient Reference Guide: High-dose chemotherapy with BMT for breast cancer The ECRI is a nonprofit health services research organization. This site provides information about BMT for breast cancer and details about BMT studies in breast cancer.
- Going home after a bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell transplant (Royal Marsden Hospital, UK) An on-line patient booklet.
- GVHD - Email Support Group for post BMT patients (ACOR)
- Laurel Simmons' Home Page (BMT / Leukemia info) Laurel had a bone marrow transplant in 1987 for CML. This is Laurel's home page including the BMT-Talk discussion list page and links to cancer resources.
- National Transplant Assistance Fund (USA) The NTAF is dedicated to providing financial, social and emotional support to transplant candidates. This site provides details of the organisation, including its counceling, fundraising, and educational activities.
- Understanding Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplants (BACUP, UK) An on-line booklet
- Universityof Minnesota : Bone Marrow Transplant Program (USA) This site includes details of the BMT program, research, staff, and support services. There are also articles and information about BMT and a BMT FAQ.
Back to the Menu
National and International registries keep details of bone marrow / blood donors, including their HL-A type (Human Leukocyte Associated antigens). These antigens are found on white blood cells, these are unique for each person
(except for identical twins). The more similar the donor's HL-A antigens are to the recipient's the less likely the transplant will rejected. Registries use computerised matching systems to find the donors with the best match for the potential transplant
patient.
See also Return to the Transplant Menu
See also Cord Blood
- African Caribbean Leukaemia Trust (UK) The Trust aims to raise awareness in the Black community, and increase the number of African Caribbean registered bone marrow donors worldwide.
- American Bone Marrow Donor Registry (ABMDR)
- American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics (ASHI) ASHI aims to advance the science of histocompatibility and immunogenetics and promote high standards of testing and patient care. The Web site includes details of services, news, virtual library, members' area and links.
- Anthony Nolan Trust (UK) Founded in 1974, the Trust is a leading centre for research and also runs the UK register of potential donors. The web site includes details about the Trust, information about BMT, research, fund-raising, how to become a donor, etc.
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program - Oklahoma University/ Columbia Presbyterian Hospital (USA) The site includes information about the program for both patients and physicians. The program began in 1982 and now includes pediatric patients from the Children's Hospital of Oklahoma
- Bone Marrow Donor Programme (Singapore) The BMDP was set up in 1983 as a private charity and runs a registry of donors. The site includes information about BMT and HLA search facilities.
- Bone Marrow Donors Worldwide A collaborative international organisation collecting the HLA phenotypes of volunteer marrow donors and cord blood units, and coordination of their worldwide distribution. The Web site has details of participating registries, search and matching tools.
- Bone Marrow, Cord Blood and Stem Cell Transplant Program (University Hospitals Ireland Cancer Center, Cleveland, USA) This was one of the first BMT programs, established in 1976. The site contains includes of facilities, cancer programs and protocols, publications, and details of the transplant team.
- Caitlin Raymond International Registry (USA)
- International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry / ABMTR This is the home page for The IBMTR and Autologous Blood and Marrow Transplant Registry of North America. Information for patients, publications, statistical center, newsletter etc.
- Le registre Français Des Donneurs Volontaires De Moelle Osseuse (France) French language.
- Massachusetts General Hospital Bone Marrow Transplant Center (Harvard University)
- National Marrow Donor Program (USA) NMDP is a government funded organization which maintains a computerized registry of volunteer donors.
- South Texas Blood and Tissue Center (USA) a not-for-profit community blood and tissue center responsible for supplying blood and tissue from volunteer donors to 80 hospitals and clinics in 43 counties. Includes blood and bone marrow regisries.
- University of Colorodo Bone Marrow Transplant Program (USA) This site provides information about the UCHSC BMT program, and detailed overviews of the transplant process for both patients and physicians.
- Zentrales Knochenmarkspenderregister für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) German Language
Back to the Menu
See also Return to the Transplant Menu
- BMT-TALK (ACOR) Moderated Mailing list for the discussion of Bone Marrow Transplants. Started in June of 1994, and is a moderated discussion on all aspects of BMT
Back to the Menu
The umbilical cord connects the baby to the placenta supplying blood and nutrients. After birth it is usually discarded. However, stem cells from the cord blood are now being used as an alternative to bone marrow for treating some types of cancers and
blood disorders. Expectant parents can (a) donate the cord to a public bank (see also the above section on blood/marrow registries); or (b) pay a commercial company to save the cord blood for potential use in the future (knowing the cord blood will be a
good match for the child should they ever need a transplant). Using cord blood for transplants is a new technique, research is on-going. One problem can be that the number of cells is limited; on the other hand cord blood stem cells are thought to be more
proliferative than other stem cells.
See also Return to the Transplant Menu
See also Registeries and Transplantation programs
- BioBank - Cord Blood Storage $ information about stem cells and cord blood with a free telephone line for the consumer and free written information on request.
- Chicago Community Cord Blood Bank (USA) The CCCBB is dedicated to facilitating bone marrow transplants for children with a variety of genetic and malignant diseases.The site includes information for potential donors, and health professionals, and details of this non-profit service.
- CorCell $ A company providing cord blood storage facilities - detailed FAQ.
- Cord Blood Donor Foundation (USA) a not-for-profit public benefit organisation dedicated to promoting education and awareness of the merits of umbilical cord blood banking for use in transplantation, maintaining a ethnically-balanced stem cell donor bank, research etc.
- Cord Blood Registry. $ "Cord Blood Registry is the largest private cord blood bank in the world. We offer expectant parents the opportunity to collect and cryogenically store their newborn's cord blood in case of future medical need."
- Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation (Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, USA) on-line Fact Sheet
- International Bone Marrow and Cord Blood Donor Search (The Caitlin Raymond International Registry, USA)
- Lifebank (Canada) A Vancouver based commercial company providing cord blood storage; FAQ and details of services
- UK Cord Blood Bank (UK) A private bank for the storage of umbilical cord blood stem cells which is a subsidiary of the New England Cryogenic Center, Inc (USA). The Web site includes details of the potential benefits of banking, FAQs, scientific updates, services and prices
- United States Center for Cord Blood $ A Florida based company that provides services for storing cord blood, the site includes a FAQ and details of cord blood services.
Back to the Menu
See also Return to the Transplant Menu
See also Registeries and Transplantation programs
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute (Royal Free Hospital, London, UK) The home page of ANRI includes information about the various research groups, staff, and publications. Work at the institute includes research into Immunotherapy, HLA, GvHD, GvL, Structural Immunobiology
- BMT-DR Email List A list for Medical Professionals involved in BMT
- Bone Marrow Transplantation (Journal) affiliated with the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Includes contents; on-line registration to view abstracts, subscription to view full text.
- British Society of Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility (BSHI) A non-profit professional organisation for scientists, researchers and accademics workin in the fields of histocompatibility and mmunogenetics. The Web site includes details of BSHI, conferences, links and a members only section.
- Case study: A twenty nine year old female with acute graft versus host disease (Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh)
- Current Issues in Transplant Medicine - Newsletter (MD Anderson Cancer Center) a triannual newsletter written by physicians for physicians who deal with acquiring, preparing, and delivering transfused blood and blood products to patients.
- European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) The Web site includes lists of on-going EBMT trials, transplant guidelines, news and publications by working party. There are also links to the password protected registry servers.
- Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy (FACT) FACT is a nonprofit corporation developed by the International Society for Cellular Therapy / American Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation for self-assessment and accreditation in the field of hematopoietic cell therapy.
- Marrow Graft Integrated Telematics in Europe (MAGRITE) MAGRITE aims to offer EBMT registered physicians support on therapeutic choices for treating patients suffering from blood diseases.
- News from the European Bone Marrow Transplant Group
- Nurses of Duke University Medical Center's Adult Bone Marrow/Stem Cell Transplant Program Primarily intended for nurses, this site provides information about Stem Cell Transplantation, related nursing processes, protocols, educational resources and references. Information for patients and their families is also included.
Back to the Menu
|