 Summary Information
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Location: 2p25
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| Gene Database Entries for ID2
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OMIM
GeneCard (Weizmann Institute)
Genbank
Swiss-Prot
Locus Link (search for ID2)
UniGene
GenAtlas
GDB
Nomenclature (search for ID2)
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| Other Related Resources
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- Search Medline for related articles (PubMed)
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- Medline Search: cancer AND gene AND ID2[TI] (PubMed)
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| ID2 General Information
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ID proteins are inhibitors of basic-Helix-Loop-Helix transcription factor function which have been implicated in the control of cell differentiation and proliferation.
The human ID2 gene was cloned and characterised by Hara et al. (1994) and was mapped to 2p25 by Mathew et al. (1995). Ishiguro et al. (1996) found that ID2 expression increases with differentiation of human myeloid cells, their study included examination
of 22 fresh acute myeloid leukaemia samples, with low expression in M0/M1 and high expression in M2/M3/M4 FAB types. In a study of transgenic mice which overexpressed the ID2 protein in thymocytes, Morrow MA et al. (1999) found a significant expansion of
the early thymocyte stage and a depletion of thymocytes in later developmental stages. Mice from five of the six ID2 transgenic founder lines developed aggressive T cell hyperproliferation resembling lymphoma. They concluded that overexpression of ID2 has
profound effects on T cell development and oncogenesis.
Arendt CW, et al. Two distinct domains of the beta-subunit of glucosidase II interact with the catalytic alpha-subunit. Glycobiology 2000 May;10(5):487-92 Related articles (PubMed)
Morrow MA, et al. Overexpression of the Helix-Loop-Helix protein Id2 blocks T cell development at multiple stages. Mol Immunol 1999 Jun;36(8):491-503 Related articles (PubMed)
Ishiguro A, et al. Id2 expression increases with differentiation of human myeloid cells. Blood 1996 Jun 15;87(12):5225-31 Related articles (PubMed)
Mathew S, et al. Chromosomal assignment of human ID1 and ID2 genes. Genomics 1995 Nov 20;30(2):385-7 Related articles (PubMed)
Hara E, et al. Id-related genes encoding helix-loop-helix proteins are required for G1 progression and are repressed in senescent human fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 1994 Jan 21;269(3):2139-45 Related articles (PubMed)
Medline Search: id2 OR inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (PubMed)
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| ID2 Overexpression in Pancreatic Cancer
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Kleeff et al. (1998) found that primary pancreatic cancers markedly overexpressed ID2 mRNA compared to normal pancreas. They found abundant ID2 immunoreactivity in the pancreatic tumour cells, inhibition of ID2 expression by ID2 antisense oligonucleotides
inhibited growth of tumour cells. Their study suggests that ID2 may have a role in human pancreatic cancer.
Kleeff J, et al. The helix-loop-helix protein Id2 is overexpressed in human pancreatic cancer. Cancer Res 1998 Sep 1;58(17):3769-72 Related articles (PubMed)
Medline Search: pancreatic cancer AND (id2 OR inhibitor of DNA binding 2) (PubMed)
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 Pancreatic Cancer Genetics
Pancreatic Cancer : Clinical and Epidemiological Information
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| ID2 Expression in Neuroblastoma
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Lasorella et al (2000) carried out a study to investigate how ID2, RB1, and the Myc family of genes interact in the context of carcinogenesis. RB1 knockout mouse embryos did not survive beyond 15 days, however, loss of ID2 reduced the
embryonic lethality. They also found that 5/6 neuroblastoma cell lines with MYCN amplification had over 20 fold more ID2 than neuroblastoma cell lines without MYCN amplification. Also, the activation of MYCN caused a rapid, sustained
increase in ID2 mRNA in 3T3 cells, normal human fibroblasts, and mouse embryo fibroblasts. They conclude that increased ID2 expression results from transcriptional activation by oncoproteins of the Myc family. Further studies are needed to investigate
potential therapeutic approaches aimed at inhibiting ID2, such as the use of anti-Id2 oligonucleotides.
Lasorella A, et al. Id2 is a retinoblastoma protein target and mediates signalling by Myc oncoproteins. Nature. 2000; 407: 592-598
Medline Search: neuroblastoma AND (id2 OR inhibitor of DNA binding 2) (PubMed)
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Neuroblastoma Genetics
Neuroblastoma : Clinical and Epidemiological Information
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