 Summary Information
|
Location: 10q23.3
Aliases: MMAC1, MHAM
Overview:
As tumours progress to more advanced stages, they tend to acquire an increasing number of genetic alterations. One common alteration seen in a range of different advanced cancers is mutation of the PTEN gene, a gene which is linked with cell regulation and
apoptosis (programmed cell death). Mutations in the PTEN gene are documented in cancers of the breast, prostate, endometrium, ovary, colon, melanoma, glioblastoma. and lymphoma. Animal models have shown that the loss of just one copy of the PTEN gene is
enough to interrupt cell signalling and begin the process of uncontrolled cell growth. However, the significance of PTEN alterations in carcinogenesis is controversial since aberrant transcripts of PTEN have also been identified in normal non-cancerous
tissues (see Wang et al. 1999).
 Return to PTEN Contents
|
| Gene Database Entries for PTEN
|
OMIM
GeneCard (Weizmann Institute)
Genbank
Swiss-Prot
Locus Link
UniGene
GenAtlas
GDB
Nomenclature (search for PTEN)
Return to PTEN Contents
|
| Other Related Resources
|
- Search Medline for related articles (PubMed)
-
- Medline Search: cancer AND gene AND (PTEN[TI] OR MMAC1[TI] OR MHAM[TI]) (PubMed)
Limit search to: [Last Year] Limit search to: [Last 2 Years]
Limit search to: [Reviews]
Return to PTEN Contents
|
| Defining Texts
|
Steck PA et al. Identification of a candidate tumour suppressor gene, MMAC1, at chromosome 10q23.3 that is mutated in multiple advanced cancers. Nat Genet 1997; 15:356-62 Related articles (PubMed)
Li J. et al. PTEN, a putative protein tyrosine phosphatase gene mutated in human brain, breast, and prostate cancer. Science 1997; 275:1943-7 Related articles (PubMed)
Medline Search: PTEN OR MMAC1 (PubMed)
Limit search to: [Last Year] Limit search to: [Last 2 Years]
Limit search to: [Reviews]
Return to PTEN Contents
|
| PTEN and Oncogenesis
|
Tamura M, et al. PTEN gene and integrin signaling in cancer. [Review] J Natl Cancer Inst 1999, 91;1820-1828 Related articles
Wang NM, Chang JG Are aberrant transcripts of FHIT, TSG101, and PTEN/MMAC1 oncogenesis related? Int J Mol Med 1999; 3(5):491-5 Related articles (PubMed)
Di Cristofano A, et al. Impaired fas response and autoimmunity in Pten(+/-) mice. Science. 1999; 285:2122-5 Related articles (PubMed)
Wick W. et al. PTEN gene transfer in human malignant glioma: sensitization to irradiation and CD95L-induced apoptosis. Oncogene 1999; 18:3936-43 Related articles (PubMed)
Medline Search: PTEN AND apoptosis (PubMed)
Limit search to: [Last Year] Limit search to: [Last 2 Years]
Limit search to: [Reviews]
Return to PTEN Contents
|
| PTEN and CNS Tumours
|
Medline Search: brain tumor AND pten (PubMed)
Limit search to: [Last Year] Limit search to: [Last 2 Years]
Limit search to: [Reviews]
Return to PTEN Contents
|
| PTEN and Glioblastoma
|
Steck PA et al. Identification of a candidate tumour suppressor gene, MMAC1, at chromosome 10q23.3 that is mutated in multiple advanced cancers. Nat Genet 1997; 15:356-62 Related articles (PubMed)
Li DM, Sun H PTEN/MMAC1/TEP1 suppresses the tumorigenicity and induces G1 cell cycle arrest in human glioblastoma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998; 95:15406-11 Related articles (PubMed)
Sano T. et al. Differential expression of MMAC/PTEN in glioblastoma multiforme: relationship to localization and prognosis. Cancer Res 1999; 59:1820-4 Related articles (PubMed)
Zhou XP. et al. Mutational analysis of the PTEN gene in gliomas: molecular and pathological correlations. Int J Cancer 1999; 84:150-4 Related articles (PubMed)
Medline Search: PTEN AND glioblastoma (PubMed)
Limit search to: [Last Year] Limit search to: [Last 2 Years]
Limit search to: [Reviews]
- Related Resources
 Brain and CNS Tumours : Clinical and Epidemiological Information
Return to PTEN Contents
|
| PTEN and astrocytoma
|
Raffel C, et al. Analysis of oncogene and tumor suppressor gene alterations in pediatric malignant astrocytomas reveals reduced survival for patients with PTEN mutations Clin Cancer Res 1999;5(12):4085-90 Related articles (PubMed)
Medline Search: astrocytoma AND pten (PubMed)
Limit search to: [Last Year] Limit search to: [Last 2 Years]
Limit search to: [Reviews]
- Related Resources
Childhood Brain Tumours Genetics
Return to PTEN Contents
|
| PTEN and Prostate Cancer
|
McMenamin ME, et al. Loss of PTEN expression in paraffin-embedded primary prostate cancer correlates with high Gleason score and advanced stage. Cancer Res 1999; 59:4291-6 Related articles (PubMed)
Wang SI,.et al. Homozygous deletion of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene in a subset of prostate adenocarcinomas. Clin Cancer Res 1998; 4:811-5 Related articles (PubMed)
Feilotter HE. et al. Analysis of PTEN and the 10q23 region in primary prostate carcinomas. Oncogene 1998; 16:1743-8 Related articles (PubMed)
Medline Search: prostate[title] AND PTEN[all] (PubMed)
Limit search to: [Last Year] Limit search to: [Last 2 Years]
Limit search to: [Reviews]
- Related Resources
Prostate Cancer Genetics
Prostate Cancer : Clinical and Epidemiological Information
Return to PTEN Contents
|
| PTEN and Lung Cancer
|
Hosoya Y, et al. Alteration of the PTEN/MMAC1 gene locus in primary lung cancer with distant metastasis. Lung Cancer. 1999; 25(2):87-93 Related articles (PubMed)
Forgacs E, et al. Mutation analysis of the PTEN/MMAC1 gene in lung cancer. Oncogene. 1998 Sep 24;17(12):1557-65. Related articles (PubMed)
Medline Search: lung cancer AND PTEN (PubMed)
Limit search to: [Last Year] Limit search to: [Last 2 Years]
Limit search to: [Reviews]
- Related Resources
Lung Cancer Genetics
Lung Cancer : Clinical and Epidemiological Information
Return to PTEN Contents
|
| PTEN Mutations in Endometrial Cancer
|
Mutations of the PTEN suppressor gene are the most frequent genetic abnormality in endometrial cancers. They occur in 40-80% of endometrioid carcinomas, which account for the majority of endometrial cancers. PTEN mutations have also been detected in the
precancerous condition endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia.
Ikeda T, et al. Anticorresponding mutations of the KRAS and PTEN genes in human endometrial cancer. Oncol Rep 2000 May-Jun;7(3):567-70 Related articles (PubMed)
Risinger JI, et al. PTEN/MMAC1 mutations in endometrial cancers. Cancer Res 1997 Nov 1;57(21):4736-8 Related articles (PubMed)
Tashiro H, et al. Mutations in PTEN are frequent in endometrial carcinoma but rare in other common gynecological malignancies. Cancer Res 1997 Sep 15;57(18):3935-40 Related articles (PubMed)
Peiffer SL, et al. Allelic loss of sequences from the long arm of chromosome 10 and replication errors in endometrial cancers. Cancer Res 1995 May 1;55(9):1922-6 Related articles (PubMed)
Medline Search: pten AND endometrial cancer (PubMed)
Limit search to: [Last Year] Limit search to: [Last 2 Years]
Limit search to: [Reviews]
- Related Resources
Uterus / Endometrium Ca. Genetics
Uterus / Endometrium Ca. : Clinical and Epidemiological Information
Return to PTEN Contents
|
| PTEN Mutations in Endometrial Precancers Lesions
|
Mutter and colleagues (JNCI, 2000) found 16/29 (55%) of endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (a precancerous condition) had PTEN mutations compared to 25/30 (83%) of endometrioid adenocarcinomas. They suggest that PTEN may be a useful immunohistochemical
biomarker for premalignant disease. The precancers were characterised by mutation of only 1 PTEN allele while the adenocarcinomas showed reduced or complete loss of PTEN protein expression.
Mutter GL, et al. Altered PTEN Expression as a Diagnostic Marker for the Earliest Endometrial Precancers J Natl Cancer Inst 2000; 92(11): 924-930
Medline Search: endometrial cancer AND precancer AND genetics (PubMed)
Limit search to: [Last Year] Limit search to: [Last 2 Years]
Limit search to: [Reviews]
- Related Resources
Uterus / Endometrium Ca. Genetics
Uterus / Endometrium Ca. : Clinical and Epidemiological Information
Return to PTEN Contents
|
|
[Home] This page created: 09/10/1999 Last revised: 29/04/2003 © Copyright 1999-
|
